Judul : The Old Man And The Sea
Penulis : Ernest Hemingway
Penerbit : Narasi
Tahun Terbit : 2019 (Cetakan keempat)
Tebal : 162 Halaman
The Old Man And The Sea adalah sebuah karya sastra klasik yang ditulis oleh Ernest Hemingway, seorang penulis dan jurnalis asal Amerika Serikat yang telah menciptakan banyak karya dengan gaya penulisan yang sederhana. Buku ini mendapatkan penghargaan nobel dalam bidang sastra pada tahun 1954 dan penghargaan Pulitzer tahun 1952.
Buku ini menceritakan tentang Santiago, seorang nelayan tua yang telah berlayar selama delapan puluh empat hari tanpa berhasil menangkap ikan seekor pun. Dalam 40 hari pertama berlayar, ia ditemani oleh bocah bernama Manolin. Namun setelah 40 hari berlalu, Manolin tidak lagi ikut Santiago berlayar akibat dilarang orangtuanya yang beranggapan bahwa Santiago ini salao, bentuk terburuk dari ketidakberuntungan karena tidak dapat ikan saat berlayar.
Kemudian pada hari ke-85, Santiago memutuskan untuk berlayar sendiri menggunakan sampan ke Gulf Stream yang berada di Samudra Atlantik, ia beranggapan bahwa di sana banyak ikan besar dan ikan raksasa. Awal perjalanannya, ia mendapatkan ketenangan. Namun tak berlangsung lama, kailnya terkait yang Santiago percayai bahwa itu adalah ikan Marlin. Tidak disangka bahwa dugaannya benar, ikan Marlin terkait pada umpan miliknya, dan pertarungan pun dimulai. Santiago berusaha untuk menarik Marlin masuk ke sampannya, namun Marlin menolak mendapatkan nasib buruk untuk mati. Naas, saat Santiago mencoba mengikuti kemauan Marlin dan memaksa menarik pancingannya, ia mendapatkan luka pada wajahnya.
Pada hari kedua, ikan marlin memperkuat perlawanannya agar dapat membalikkan sampan Santiago. Saat keduanya mencoba untuk memperkuat pertahanannya, entah mengapa Santiago merasa mendapatkan rasa kasih, haru, dan penghargaan dari Marlin, hingga Santiago menyebut Marlin sebagai ‘Saudaraku’. Menurutnya, “Marlin ini terlalu terhormat untuk dimakan, tak seorang pun pantas memakan ikan yang terhormat ini”.
Hari ketiga masih dengan perlawanannya masing-masing, namun Marlin terlihat mulai lelah mengitari sampan milik Santiago dan mendekat pada dinding sampan. Santiago yang masih mengawasi gerak-gerik Marlin, mengambil harpunnya dan menikam Marlin hingga mati. Sebagai bentuk hormatnya terhadap Marlin, ia mengikat tubuh Marlin di samping sampannya.
Ternyata perjuangannya bertahan ditengah laut belum selesai, tubuh marlin yang berlumuran darah memancing indera penciuman hiu. Pertarungan kembali dimulai saat hiu Mako menyerang sampan Santiago, ia mulai menikam hiu dengan harpunnya. Ketika harpunnya habis, Santiago membuat harpun dari pisau dan mulai memburu hiu-hiu yang datang ke sampannya. Saat malam hari, hiu-hiu memakan tubuh Marlin hingga tulang belulang. Santiago pun gagal melawan hiu dan kawanannya.
Setelah melewati tiga hari penuh pertarungan dengan ikan-ikan besar, Santiago kembali pulang ke gubuknya, ia menarik perahu lalu mengikatkannya di batu, menurunkan dan menggulung layarnya kemudian memanggul tiang dan mulai memanjat naik, saat itulah ia menyadari betapa besar rasa lelahnya. Sesampainya Santiago di gubuknya, ia berbaring dan menarik selimut hingga tertidur pulas. Sejak kepergian Santiago, Manolin si bocah kecil merasa khawatir dan terus menangis di pinggir laut, Manolin merasa lega saat Santiago kembali, ia membawakan surat kabar dan kopi panas. Santiago mengaku bahwa ia mengalami banyak penderitaan selama perjalanannya.
Menilik kisah ini, Santiago sabar dalam mengambil keputusan saat ikan Marlin mengikutinya. Ia tidak langsung menaklukkan ikan tersebut, namun ia memikirkan langkah yang perlu diambil saat mengambil tindakan besar. Pengalamannya menjadi nelayan selama hidup membuat ia tetap tenang dalam menghadapi segala rintangan dan tetap berpikir jernih dalam mengambil sebuah tindakan.
Saat penderitaan menghampiri Santiago, ia berusaha untuk tetap menjalani hidupnya dan mulai membangkitkan semangat dalam dirinya. Adakalanya dalam hidup kita selalu menemukan alur yang tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, seperti halnya saat Santiago melawan hiu-hiu dalam cerita tersebut. Ia berjuang mati-matian dan berusaha bertahan hidup, namun pada akhirnya kegagalan menghampiri dan berujung melelahkan hingga melukai dirinya. Hal ini menjadi tanda bahwa sekeras apapun kita berjuang dan berusaha, jika Tuhan, Sang Pemilik Alam Semesta tak berkehendak maka hal itu tak akan terjadi sesuai dengan apa yang kita inginkan.
FITROH RARA AZZAHRO
Anggota Muda LPM ‘Jumpa’ Unpas
Sumber :
Anton DH Nugrahanto. 2012. Membaca Novel The Old Man And The Sea. Diakses dari Kompasiana pada Sabtu, 02 Juli 2022 pukul 00.26 WIB.
Tiara Indriyani. 2022. Interpretasi Pesan Moral Novel. Diakses dari Kompasiana pada Sabtu, 02 Juli 2022 pukul 22.32 WIB.
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