Nasional, Jumpaonline – Per 25 Desember 2022, dilansir dari antaranews.com dengan judul Bupati Aceh Besar: Penampungan Rohingya Untuk Misi Kemanusiaan, sebanyak 57 pengungsi tiba di kawasan Pantai Gampong, Desa Baro, Kecamatan Mesjid Raya, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh. Sampai saat ini, Indonesia hanya berstatus sebagai tempat transit sementara dari para imigran.
Akademisi Hubungan Internasional (HI) Universitas Pasundan (Unpas), Muhammad Rizki Yusro, mengungkapkan, pendekatan Indonesia terhadap pengungsi imigran hanya berbasis panggilan kemanusiaan, karena Indonesia tidak meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 tentang Status Pengungsi. Karenanya, Indonesia hanya berperan sebagai inkubator bagi pengungsi yang umumnya pergi ke Australia. Ia menilai banyak sekali kesulitan yang akan terjadi jika Indonesia menjadi penerima suaka.
“Terkadang mereka yang mengungsi adalah ekstrimis dan ini menjadi beban negara lagi untuk memastikan mereka bisa ikut serta dalam aturan di Indonesia, bukan malah menyebarkan paham baru,” ujar Rizki.
Lebih lanjut lagi, ia menyatakan, para pengungsi ini akan sulit untuk dimanfaatkan sebab mereka harus beradaptasi dan butuh waktu lama untuk berasimilasi. Hal ini diperparah oleh masalah lapangan pekerjaan yang masih kurang, bahkan untuk masyarakat setempat.
“Bicara soal pengungsi bukan hanya bicara soal kewarganegaraan, tapi juga memastikan mereka yang diberi kewarganegaraan supaya bisa hidup dengan layak,” tambah Rizki.
Senada dengan pendapat ini, akademisi lain HI Unpas, Tino Rila Sebayang menjelaskan tidak ada keuntungan yang signifikan bagi Indonesia untuk menerima pengungsi. Baginya, strategi kebijakan luar negeri terkait pengungsi perlu mempertimbangkan parameter rasionalitas terkait cost dan benefit.
“Selain cost material, kita bicara cost social. Maksudnya, mungkin ada gesekan mungkin ada ketakutan, dan lain-lain. So, benefitnya apa? Hanya satu, membangun citra Indonesia berkomitmen untuk menjunjung tinggi UNHCR misalnya,” ungkap Tino.
Menurutnya, bahkan ide untuk mempekerjakan para pengungsi pun sangat sulit direalisasikan. Indonesia akan mendapatkan bonus demografi dengan jumlah SDM usia produktif yang melimpah. Hal ini berbanding terbalik dengan keadaan negara penerima suaka lain.
“Berbanding terbalik dengan Australia, negara penerima suaka. Pada dasarnya mereka memang kekurangan SDM secara kuantitas,” pungkas Tino.
M. RIDHO ASLAM
Calon Anggota Muda LPM ‘Jumpa’
Editor: R.SABILA FAZA RIANA
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