Judul               : Simuladistopiakoronakra

Penulis             : Seno Gumira Ajidarma

Terbit              : Cerpen Kompas, 5 Juli 2020

 

Yang pernah ada dan sedang berlangsung saat ini selalu membutuhkan kepulangannya kembali dalam bentuk representasi. Pada kepulangan tersebut, apa yang diprasastikan bukan cuma kenangan, tapi isi dari momen-momen yang lewat dalam lintasan waktu tanpa permisi. Anggap saja momen-momen itu sebagai cinderamata, sebagai pengingat, kalau seseorang tak baru saja tiba dari ruang hampa, melainkan dari perjalanan hidup, yang sebagaimana adanya ini, serba tak karuan.

Seno Gumira Ajidarma (SGA) adalah seseorang yang habis pulang dari safari itu dan menuliskan tiap-tiap momennya. Catatan yang kemudian diterbitkan di Koran Kompas pada 5 Juli 2020 dalam sebentuk cerpen itu diberi tajuk Simuladistopiakoronakra.

Dalam latar distopia, kisah itu dimulai dari ketibaan sang narator, makhluk rekayasa genetik hasil persilangan manusia dan ikan, ke Bumi: tempat di mana nenek moyangnya, yakni kita, berasal dan ia mesti menuntaskan sebuah misi. Ia barangkali adalah keturunan tukang pos yang sempat tersesat selama sepuluh tahun di lautan kemerahan dalam amplop Federal Express yang pernah dikirimkan Sukab kepada Alina.

Atau mungkin cerita itu sama sekali tak berpautan.

Sebab, tak seperti yang diceritakan Alina dalam surat balasannya. Waktu masih berlangsung. Lautan tak pernah membludak dari sebuah amplop dan membanjiri permukaan Bumi. Metari masih utuh, tak berlubang barang sebesar kartu pos. Terang masih berganti malam, hari tak berhenti pada sore nan kemerahan. Mungkin memang begitu, setidaknya sampai 2020. Tatkala wabah kian mendekatkan manusia pada kematiannya, di cerpen itu.

Lewat penceritaan orang-pertama, SGA mencatat dengan subtil kegagalan manusia menghadapi suatu wabah yang sebetulnya bisa diputus dengan mudah. Namun, sikap meremehkan hampir menghabiskan seluruh pemukimnya, selain yang masih sekarat saat catatan itu dibuat pada ratusan tahun di masa depan.

Wabah itu,” kata sang komandan sewaktu bercerita soal apa yang terjadi di Bumi kepada si narator, “tidak pernah menjadikan manusia menunda pertentangan mereka untuk menghadapi musuh bersama.

Si komandan mungkin masih mengingat apa yang disebut Dirjen WHO, Dr. Tedros Adhanom, bahwa Covid-19 adalah “musuh terhadap kemanusiaan”. Namun, sebagaimana terekam dalam Mahadata Semesta pada dunia Simuladistopiakoronakra tersebut, akibat kepongahannya, secara berturut-turut Covid-20 sampai Covid-44 mengurangi populasi Bumi dengan caranya masing-masing. Sementara dari waktu ke waktu, eksploitasi alam menerus dilangsungkan.

Bumi sebagai latar ruang cerpen itu pun bukanlah seperti sedia saat ini. Hujan abu tak pernah henti, panas ekstrem, samudera mengering, dan sungai cuma menyisakan air kehitaman. Maka di masa depan, tak ada lagi yang bisa diharapkan dari Bumi yang dilanda krisis ekologis ini.

Keturunan-keturunan kita, barangkali, adalah mereka yang dengan sisa tenaganya menjarah demi bersitahan hidup, atau tumpukan tubuh membusuk akibat Covid-44, atau mayat di pinggir jalan korban pembantaian – kalau bukan mereka yang lagi berseteru dalam perebutan kekuasaan.

Segala sesuatunya ditampilkan dalam lanskap yang suram. Brutal. Menyedihkan. Bahkan harapan.

Sementara buat melawan kepunahan, penerus kita memaksakan beranak-pinak dalam kebusukan serta udara yang begitu panas. Dan jika bukan udara sepanas itu – yang dedaunan dan kertas pun terbakar – membunuh bayi begitu lahir, peperangan tak berkesudahanlah yang mengurangi kesempatan hidup bayi-bayi tersebut.

Maka, si narator yang meruapkan bau amis khas ikan ini lantas diutus untuk menyelamatkan bayi terakhir di Bumi, spesies kita, nenek moyangnya: demi mempertahankan kemanusiaan.

Sebagaimana karya-karya pendahulunya, tema distopia hadir sebagai wacana tandingan atas konsep utopia yang semu. Kemunduran utopia, disebut Muaziz Muallim, tak terlepas dari kejenuhan masyarakat terhadap mimpi-mimpi utopis yang kian memburuk alih-alih terwujud[[1]].

Lagi pula, apa artinya harapan yang ditawarkan dalam kekacauan nan melelahkan di mana setiap orang menemukan diri mereka terkurung di antara keterasingan, konsumsi berlebihan, dan eksploitasi secara bersamaan?

Namun justru itulah: barangkali pembaca distopia adalah sesiapa yang patah hati terhadap hidup. Dan, meminjam pertanyaan Gargi Bhattacharyya, seorang Profesor Sosiologi Universitas East London, dalam tulisannya We, the Brokenheart: “siapa yang bisa membayangkan dunia yang berbeda, kecuali mereka yang telah dihancurkan oleh dunia ini?”

Kekecewaan pada realitas tersebut lantas mendasari pencarian terhadap apa yang disebut Mario Vargas Llosa dalam pidato penerimaan Nobel Sastra 2010: Pujian untuk membaca dan Karya Fiksi, sebagai protes terhadap tidak memadainya hidup. Kata Llosa, “saat kita mencari dalam karya fiksi apa yang kurang dalam hidup, kita sedang mengatakan – tanpa perlu mengucapkan atau bahkan mengetahuinya – bahwa hidup sebagaimana adanya ini tidak memuaskan dahaga kita akan yang absolut – dasar kedirian manusia – dan semestinya jadi lebih baik”.

Syahdan, kemungkinan-kemungkinan terburuk pada masa depan yang dinarasikan dalam genre tersebut terbaca sebagai sebentuk kritik dan peringatan. Sebab, krisis yang dihadirkan memungkinkannya memiliki relasi dengan kejadian di luar teks tersebut. Atau barangkali, setelah membayangkan segala sesuatunya hancur, kita dihadapkan pada imajinasi kalau semuanya mungkin.

Dari kacamata Muaziz, asumsi tersebut bisa saja benar adanya. Meski karya-karya distopia terkesan pesimistik, namun secara bersamaan ia juga menyeret kesadaran kita pada kondisi dunia saat ini yang bisa saja berakhiran buruk, seperti tergambarkan dalam cerpen tersebut.

Sebab, masa lalu dalam dunia Simuladistopiakoronakra adalah causa efficiens yang urgen. Dan bagaimanapun masa depan adalah kontinuitas dari masa lampau itu sendiri. Jika klaim itu benar, berarti kondisi terpuruk yang ditampilkan SGA tak lain adalah suatu bentuk penghakiman terhadap masa lalu (hari ini) atas semua kondisi masa depan yang dialami dalam teks cerpen tersebut.

Mesti dicatat: kepongahan menghadapi wabah menjelma sebagai rentetan musibah, Covid diceritakan tak terputus dari penomeran 19, 20, hingga 44. Belum lagi, mengutip si narator, dari saat ke saat tanah dan air masih terus mereka rusak sendiri secara berkelanjutan.

Kita memang mesti jujur-jujuran mengakui penyebab segala bencana, seperti yang dituliskan Neli Triana di kolom Metropolitan Kompas pada 23 Januari 2021. Fenomena alam memang hal yang lumrah terjadi karena Bumi ini tak diam. Ada sistem yang bekerja di luar kuasa manusia. Namun okupasi manusia dalam membangun peradabannya juga adalah hal yang niscaya disangkal sebagai sebab-sebab terjadinya bencana.

SGA sungguh apik mengantarkan pembacanya pada kesadaran tersebut. Ia merekam momen, dalam format masa depan, sebagai kenang-kenangan cum peringatan bagi pembacanya di masa kini. Kamu memang tak mesti percaya sepenuhnya, mungkin aku cuma membual, dan mungkin cerpen yang ku bicarakan tak lebih dari omong besar tipikal seorang tua. Namun, setelah semuanya, setelah hari-hari yang sulit ini berlalu, akankah sempat terpikirkan oleh kita betapa kemanusiaan terpaksa dipertahankan dengan cara kloning, seperti yang diutarakan sang narator dalam epilog cerpen tersebut?

 

ANGGA PERMANA SAPUTRA

[1] Muaziz Muallim, Isu-isu Krisis dalam Novel-novel Dystopian Science Fiction Amerika. Jurnal Poetika Vol. V No. 1, 2017.

10 thoughts on “Tentang Distopia”
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